Electric terminal



(No Model.) 2 Sheetsf-Sheet 1.

H. BANCHE.4

BLEGTRIG TERMINAL. No. 476,080. Patented May 31,1892.

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(No Model.) E 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

HSANCHE. ELECTRIC TERMINAL.

No'. 476,080. Patented May 31, 18972.

WZ? wf@ NITED `STATES FATENE Erica.

HERCULES sANCI-IE, CE DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

ELECTRIC TERMINAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,080, dated May 3l,1892.

Application filed September 29, 1891. Serial No. 407,189. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERCULES SANCHE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, in the county of Vayne and State of Michigan, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Electrical Terminals, of whichthe following is a specification.

It is the purpose of my invention to provide a terminal for electricalwires with which the denuded portion of the wire may be readily andeasily connected and in which it may be held with the best possiblecontact and with complete protection to the cut or frayed end of theinsulating-covering.

It is my purpose, also, to avoid the waste of the wire, to prevent theunnecessary de nudation thereof, to provide a neat and elegant iinish,to cover the contacting-surfaces from dust and moisture, and to providea terminal and a post therefor upon which a plurality of such terminalsmay be associated.

It is my object, finally, to provide a permanent Wireterminal having anovel and simple form of attachment by which the 'exposed end of thewire is Wholly inclosed and its electrical contact secured.

The invention consists to these ends in the novel features ofconstruction and new combinations of parts hereinafter fully set forth,and then definitely pointed out in the claims which follow thisspecification.

To enable others skilled-in the art to understand and practice my saidinvention, I will proceed to describe the saine in detail, referl encebeing had for such purpose to the accom-` panying drawings, in Which-Figure lis a vertical central section of a bindingfpost and itscontact-cap. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the post shown in Fig. l withthe contact-cap and wire removed. Fig. 3 is a plan view ot' the partsshown in Fig. 3 with the Wire attached, the contact-cap being removed.Fig. 4c is a vertical central section of a binding-post and a series ofterminals. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 4. Fig.6 is a plan vieW of one of the terminals shown in Fig. 5, the Wire beingremoved. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the cap shown in Fig. G. Fig. 8is a central vertical section of a post with a permanent terminal. Fig.9 is a side elevation of the permanent terminal shown in Fig. 8 removedfrom the post. Fig. l() is a central longitudinal section of a duplexpermanent terminal for the meeting ends of wires, said figure showingtwo forms ot' contact-fastening or contact-plug. Fig. ll is a centralsection of a permanent terminal for medicinal and other purposes,showing a modified form of contactplug. Figs. 12 and 13 are views of thetel'- minal portions of wires, showing different methods of securing thecut or frayed end of the insulating-covering, Fig. 13 also illustratingmeans for positively attaching the denuded end of the wire or wires tothe post. Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a lateral clampconnection which forms part of a permanent terminal.

In the said drawings the reference-numeral l indicates the binding-post,having a shank 2, which I prefer to thread externally from its upper endto or nearly to its base, which is provided with a pendant 3, adapted tooccupy an opening in` the table or other support 4 on which the post ismounted and to which it is rigidly attached by means of a nut 5, turnedupon the threaded end of the pendant. Then a single wire only is to beconnected to the post, I drill in the threaded shank 2 an opening 6, thedrill entering upon one side between the ends of the shank and usuallynear its top. The opening 6 is straight and is substantially in theaxial plane of the shank, its lower end opening at the base of thelatter. as seen in Figs. l and 2. In'the upper end of the shank isformed an axial opening 7, which passes down far enough to intersectwith the opening 6. The wire S is introduced through the axial opening7, its end passing naturally and easily into .the lower part of theintersectingopening 6, from which it emerges at the base of the shank,around which the denuded terminal portion is coiled in such manner as tolie upon the flat surface of the post l, surrounding the base of theshank. then screwed down upon the shank,pinching the denuded portion ofthe wire between the lower end of the nut and the end of the post. TheContact cap or nut 9 is provided with a hanging flange l0,whichsurrounds the top of the post, from which the shank 2 rises, therebyinclosing the contacting-surfaces and excluding dust and moisture. Theiiange is A contact cap or nut 9 is.

usually made of such width as to permit the adjustment of thecontact-cap to any ordinary siz'e of wire without lifting the edge ofthe iiange above the top of the post. By this method of drilling thethreaded shank the Wire is caused to emerge at its base, which is notbored or slotted, as it necessarily would be if the opening t3 was notcut entirely through the shank 2. This construction provides a' neatfinish and protects the insulatingcovering, which enters the opening 7in the shank and is thereby inclosed and secured against the wear andtearof constant contact upon its cut and frayed edge, and the ease andreadiness with which the wire is inserted and removed and the extendedarea of close contact render this form of terminal a desirable one inall cases where a single wire is to be attached.

To provide for the attachment of a single wire or of a plurality ofwires to the same terminal,I use the construction shown in Figs. 4, 5,and 6, wherein the post is substantially similar in construction to thatshown in Figs. 1 and 2, save that the shank 2 is not drilled and isusually somewhat longer. Upon the shank I place one, two, or morecontact-collars 12 of conducting metal, each having a central opening13, through which the shank `2 passes. I form these openings,preferably, of such size as to have a loose engagement with the shank,no female thread being provided; but they may be threaded, if desired,without departing from my invention. Each collar 12 is provided with aflange 14, hanging from its periphery and adapted to surround the collarnext below on the same shank. Through the outer vertical face orperiphery ot' the flange is formed an opening 15, which passes upward ina plane paralledn with a plane lying in the diametrical line-of thecollar and coinciding with its axis, the upper end of said openingemerging in the flat upper face of the collar between its periphery anda guard-flange 15, which surrounds the central opening 13 and preferablyclose to the said flange. The wire is inserted at the lower end of thisopening, its denuded portion emerging from the upper end at such anangle with the flat surface of the collar, due to the inclined positionof the opening, that it may be coiled around the shank without producingan abrupt bend in thc wire. A capnut 16, having a flange similar to thatupon each collar, is turned upon the shank above the last collar placedupon the latter, and by its adjustment equal pressure is impart-ed tothe denuded contact portions of wire lying between the several collars.An opening 15 may be and usually is formed in the post 1, as shown inFig. 5, in the manner described in connection with the collars. Theopenings for the wire, being perfectly straight, are formed with easeand require but little skill.

For permanent terminals l use the constructions shown in Figs. 8, 9, and11. In this form the post 2 is provided with a threaded socket in itsupper extremity, which receivest-he terminal 17,' which is usually inthev form of a threaded plug, having a milled head 18. The wire S entersthrough a central opening passing axially through the head 18 into theplug and entering the upper end of a concentric chamber 19 of somewhatlarger diameter and provided with a female thread. A contactplug 2O isscrewed into this chamber from its lower end until its fiat extremityabuts against the knotted, bunched, or coiled end of the wire or wires,as seen in Fig. 8.

The terminal shown in Fie'. 11 is adapted to give surface contact and isused in medical apparatus, though the manner of attaching the wire maybe used in other forms. It resembles that shown in Fig. 8, save that Isubstitute a contact-plug 21 for the screw-plug 20. This plug 21 mayconsist of a buckshot, small shot, or bullet 22, slightly flattened by atap from a hammer and placed in the recess 23, opening centrally in thelower face of the terminal, until one of its flat faces abuts againstthe knotted, bunched, or coiled end of the wire, which is introducedthrough a smaller opening through the center of the terminal. The plugis then driven with a punch or other instrument until it is spreadlaterally sufficiently to lill the recess 22 and be wedged therein.

For connecting the ends of wires and similar purposes I employ theduplex form of permanent terminal shown in Fig. l0, in which the numeral2t denotes either terminal provided with an internally-threaded recessor socket 25, which receives the contact-plug 26, having an axialopening passing entirely through it. The wire is introduced through thisopening, and its denuded end is knotted or coiled beyond the extremityof the plug, which pinches the knot or coil between its end and thebottom of the recess 25. A threaded nipple 27 on one terminal entering asocket in the other provides means for connecting the two terminals inone. In attaching the denuded end of the wire it is desirable to providesome simple means for preventing the raveling and excessive fraying ofthe insulating covering, and where a group of small wires is used, as inflexible wire cables, it is also a matter of convenience and economy toprovide means for binding the denuded portions together and forpositively attaching them to the portion of the terminal around whichthey are coiled. For these purposes I may simply knot the denuded wirearound the insulation close to the denuded portion, as in Fig. 12, or Imay wrap the saine with a fine flexible wire 28, which is also woundaround the denuded portions of the line wires, its end being prolongedbeyond the latter, as'shown in Fig. 13, to provide means for positivelysecuring the wires to the shank 2 of the binding-post by winding thewire around the same over the small wires. This wire forms a binder forthe fine conducting-wires, prevents their entanglement, and effects aneconomy in use,

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as well as a great convenience, as it provides for the positiveattachment of the denuded wires to the terminal, permits their readydetachment, prevents the wire from becoming broken, and secures theinsulation from rapid wear. It obviates the necessity fora frequentremoval and renewal of some part or the whole of the denuded ends andthe further removal of the insulation, by which the wire is wasted andsometimes rapidly shortened. It provldes, also, a much more sightly andfinished appearance by giving a binding to the raw edge of theinsulating-covering, which would otherwise fray out very rapidly.

I have shown in Fig. III a further form of permanent terminal, which isadapted to form part of a lateral connection to a conducting- Wire. Itconsists of the terminal 17, through which the wire S enters and inwhich it is fastened in substantially the manner shown in Figs. S and 9.The terminal 17 engages with a socket in a block 29, which. forms partof a pair of spring clamping-jaws 30, one of which has a latch-flange3l, while the other is provided with a set-screw 32, passing through itand tapped into the other jaw to permit the jaws to be clamped on thewire or upon its insulation by screw-pressure.

It should be understood that the openings or channels 6 and 7 mayconsist of slots instead of passages of the form shown. For eX- ample, Imight slot the shank2 diametrically from the end down to the upper endof the opening 6,said slot being continued upon one side of the diameterdown to the base, or I may use the openingtand slot upon one side of theshanks diameter only.

l. A terminal-fastening for electric and other wires, consisting of apost having a threaded shank projecting from a flat contact-face on saidpost and a collar having a non-central opening entering its periphery onone side of a diametrical line and emerging on its flat upper facebetween the periphery and the central opening receivingthe threadedshank, substantially as described,

2. A terminal-fastening for electric and other wires, consisting of apost having a threaded shank projecting from a tlat contact-face on saidpost,a collar having a straight non-central opening entering itsperiphery and emerging in its ilat upper face between the periphery anda central opening receiving the threaded shank, and a contact-nutscrewed on said shank, said nut and collar being each provided with ahanging flange surrounding the contact-surface beneath and inclosing theperipheries of the posts on which said surfaces are formed,substantially as described.

3. A terminal attachment for electric and other wires, the sameconsisting of a posthaving a threaded shank projecting from a fiatcontact-surface on said post, a series of co1- lars, each having aflange dropped from its periphery and adapted to inclose the peripheryof the adjacent collarbelow and each provided with a non-centralstraight opening for the `wire passing through said fiange and emergingon the flat upper tace of the collar between the periphery and atlangesurrounding a central opening which receives the threaded shank, and acontact-nut having a hanging ilange inclosing the upper collar,substantially as described.

at.v The combination, with a terminal consisting of a post having athreaded shank, of a conductor having the raw edge of itsinsulating-covering bound bya wire, the denuded portion ot' saidconductor being brought upon a contact-surface, coiled around the shank,and fastened bythe prolonged end of the binding-wire, and a contact capor nut having a flange surrounding and dropping belowthecontact-surface,substantiallyasdescribed.

5. An electric conductor having a wire bound around the raw edge of itsinsulatingcovering and prolonged beyond the extremity of the denudedportion of the conductor, substantially as described.

6. A permanent terminal for electric and other Wires, having a centralopening for the entrance of the wire, a concentric recess of largerdiameter in which the denuded portion of the wire is hunched or knotted,and a positively-engaged contact-plug entering said chamber andcompressing the bunched or knotted portion of the wire, substantially asdescribed.

7. In terminals for electric wires, the combination, with a post havinga fiat circular contact-face, of a wire lying in a rectilinear openingwhich is inclined to the axis of the post7 the end ot the Wire emergingupon said c0ntact-face, and a contact cap or nut turned vupon a threadedpart of the post and pinching the wire upon the iat contact-face,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and aftixed my seal inpresence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERCULES SANCHE. [L s] Witnesses;

J AMES A. RUTHERFORD, CHAs. B. TILDEN.

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